linux

git

How to deal with git commits under no branch

#see all your untracked commits
git reflog


#create new branch
git branch new_branch

#now cherry pick all commits you get by git reflog
git cherry-pick 2355
...

#Working with subtree merge
git remote add -f mikrix https://xxx@bitbucket.org/xxx/repo.git
git merge -s ours  --no-commit mikrix/yourBranchtToMerge

git read-tree --prefix=lib/mikrix/src/ -u mikrix/yourBranchToMerge

git commit -m "Mikrix merged as subdirectory"

git pull -s subtree mikrix master

#Working with git subtree (works fine)
#create link to git-subtree  (on ubuntu)
sudo chmod +x /usr/share/doc/git/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh sudo ln -s /usr/share/doc/git/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh /usr/lib/git-core/git-subtree #add remote repository
git remote add -f mikrix https://xxx@bitbucket.org/xxx/repo.git

#add subtree
git subtree add  -P  lib/mikrix/src mikrix/Linux-dev  --squash
#  lib/mikrix/src - directory where to put remote repo
#  mikrix/Linux-dev - remote branch
# --squash ...

#check changes in subtree
git subtree pull  --prefix  lib/mikrix/src  mikrix Linux-dev  --squash

#git bundle
git bundle create my.bundle <base commit> HEAD
<base commit> can be relative <-N>
git bundle create my.bundle <base commit> HEAD --branches --tags
https://schneide.wordpress.com/2015/10/13/transferring-commits-via-git-bundles/

add certificate to store

get certificate (pem or crt)
each certificate looks like:

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDATCCAmqgAwIBAgIJAKLLZrR6xlgQMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMF8xCzAJBgNV
...
w+RTuliF5I8NUeLk7/2iqBwn6BdqNbPNSmGeWdkOhzCtqWED2NJYBOSe8Pb0beBz
NLOeT8E=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

copy this file to your ca share folder

/usr/local/share/ca-certificate

sudo cp ~/cert.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificate

run certificate updating tool

sudo update-ca-certificates
this will add link to your certificate file to certificate folder: /etc/ssl/certs/ (/etc/ssl/certs/cert.pem) and then link it to the one crt file /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt


File utils
Gparted
how to remove / change GPT table:
sudo apt-get install gdisk
gdisk <device>
->select r
then use what you need, I convert GPT into MBR 



set terminator window size
~/.config/terminatoredit, or add line with size
[layouts]
  [[default]]
    [[[child1]]]
      type = Terminal
      parent = window0
    [[[window0]]]
      type = Window
      parent = ""
      size = 700, 500

add new resolution for monitor

#!/bin/sh
#generate mode parameters
cvt 1920 1200
#create new mode
xrandr --newmode "1920x1200_60.00"  193.25  1920 2056 2256 2592  1200 1203 1209 1245 -hsync +vsync
#add mode
xrandr  --addmode VGA1 1920x1200_60.00

xrandr --output DP3 --off --output DP2 --off --output DP1 --off --output HDMI3 --off --output HDMI2 --off --output HDMI1 --off --output LVDS1 --off --output VGA1 --mode 1920x1200_60.00 --pos 0x0 --rotate normal


resize picture
for i in $( ls DSC*.JPG); do convert -resize 50% $i resize/sm$i; done

add fonts for user

* in your home directory, create .fonts/
mkdir .fonts
* copy font files to the new location
* update your font cache fc-cache -fv


LLVM for cmake
$export CC=/usr/bin/clang
$CXX=/usr/bin/clang++

cmake -D_CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX=llvm- CMakeLists.txt

make

Add virtual serial port
install socat

$socat PTY,link=COM8 PTY,link=COM9

will create two devices COM8 and COM9


connect socket with serial port


$sudo socat UNIX-CONNECT:/tmp/socketName PTY,link=COM2


Windows machine on Virtualbox Shared folders slow 

http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch12.html#idp57235968
Performance for accesses to shared folders from a Windows guest might be decreased due to delays during the resolution of the VirtualBox shared folders name service. To fix these delays, add the following entries to the file\windows\system32\drivers\etc\lmhosts of the Windows guest:
255.255.255.255        VBOXSVR #PRE
255.255.255.255        VBOXSRV #PRE
After doing this change, a reboot of the guest is required.

MSP430


sudo apt-get install msp430-libc binutils-msp430 gcc-msp430 msp430mcu gdb-msp430

http://michael-rushanan.blogspot.sk/2013/07/ubuntu-1304-my-experience-with-mspdebug.html

(launchpad)
update udev rules for rf2500

sudo usermod -a -G plugdev username

installing msp430 eclipse plugin
http://eclipse.xpg.dk


edane
run eDane application
javaws eDane.jnlp

openssl server
openssl s_server -CAfile ca.pem -cert server.pem -key server.key -accept 4444 -state -Verify 5

openssl view pem certificate
openssl x509 -in freesoft-certificate.pem -noout -text

openssl generate cert-key pair
privete key:
openssl genrsa -des3 -out private.key 2048
public cert:
openssl req -new -x509 -key private.key -out public.crt

Generating Client/Server certificates with a local CA 
*make sure openssl points to the correct installation (%which openssl).  Mine is aliased to /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl

Generate a CA
1)    openssl req -out ca.pem -new -x509
        -generates CA file "ca.pem" and CA key "privkey.pem"

Generate server certificate/key pair
        - no password required.
2)    openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024
3)    openssl req -key server.key -new -out server.req
4)    openssl x509 -req -in server.req -CA CA.pem -CAkey privkey.pem -CAserial file.srl -out server.pem
        -contents of "file.srl" is a two digit number.  eg. "00"

Generate client certificate/key pair

5)    Either choose to encrypt the key(a) or not(b)
        a. Encrypt the client key with a passphrase
            openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 1024
        b. Don't encrypt the client key
            openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
6)    openssl req -key client.key -new -out client.req
7)    openssl x509 -req -in client.req -CA CA.pem -CAkey privkey.pem -CAserial file.srl -out client.pem
        -contents of "file.srl" is a two digit number.  eg. "00"

8)    DONE

Examle:
CA pwd: testPwd
challenge pwd: <no pwd>
client.key passwor: testclient
//CA
openssl req -out ca.pem -new -x509
mv privkey.pem ca-private.key
//server
openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024
echo 01 > file.srl
openssl req -key server.key -new -out server.req
openssl x509 -req -in server.req -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-private.key -CAserial file.srl -out server.pem
//client
openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 1024
openssl req -key client.key -new -out client.req
openssl x509 -req -in client.req -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-private.key -CAserial file.srl -out client.pem

Verify certificate with own CA file
openssl verify -CAfile ca.pem client.pem

Verify certificate with CA and intermediate CA (depth =2) 
* client cert was signed with intermediate CA
openssl verify -CAfile ca.pem  -untrusted intermediate-ca.pem client.pem

Verify certificate if CA is web based authority you have installed in your cert store
openssl verify client.pem

Verify if certificate and key match
The `modulus' and the `public exponent' portions in the key and the Certificate must match
$ openssl x509 -noout -text -in server.crt
$ openssl rsa -noout -text -in server.key

and do it automatically:

$ (openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in server.pem | openssl md5 ;\

   openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in server.key | openssl md5) | uniq

Get SD card linux partition with minimum size
resize your sdcad to minimum size. you can add some bytes after

$sudo gparted

list your partitions from sdcard

$fdisk /dev/mmcblk0

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7948 MB, 7948206080 bytes

4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 242560 cylinders, total 15523840 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000ea414

        Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/mmcblk0p1   *        2048      104447       51200    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)

/dev/mmcblk0p2          104448     3891199     1893376   83  Linux

Command (m for help): q

or use 

$sudo fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk0

and final command:

$sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/home/michal/images/raspi.img bs=512 count=3891200

Get back image to SD card

$dd if=/home/michal/images/raspi.img of= /dev/mmcblk0

then resize partition by gparted or 

create file in your image (mount it ) and in root file system and run command:

$touch /.rootfs-repartition

This command create file, which tells operating system to resize partition while booting.
then  umount and run
$dd if=/home/michal/images/raspi.img of= /dev/mmcblk0


Mounting image file with two partitions

view partition:

$fdisk -l images/raspi.img

Disk images/raspi.img: 1992 MB, 1992294400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 242 cylinders, total 3891200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000ea414

           Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
images/raspi.img1   *        2048      104447       51200    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
images/raspi.img2          104448     3891199     1893376   83  Linux

Notice the start offset of the second (root) partition = 104448 blocks, = 53477376 bytes (1 block = 512 bytes).
Use this offset to mount the rootfs partition:
sudo mkdir /mnt/raspi-root
sudo mount -o loop,offset=53477376 pidora-18-r2c.img /mnt/raspi-root

Building mikrix based app on raspi

$cd your-app
$mkdir -p target/raspi
$cd target/raspi

$cmake ../../core -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../../linux-raspi-gcc-armv6hl.cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DRASPI=1


konica minolta install printer
$sudo apt get install min12xxw

cups server:
http://localhost:631/

cups add root user:

$sudo lppasswd -g sys -a root

lubuntu after login - login screen appear again (can't  login)
$mv .Xauthority .Xauthoritybak
$sudo shutdown now -r

maven
//mount raspi file system first
mvn clean install -P raspi

mvn clean install -P debug

mvn clean install

view DVD movie from disc in mplayer
go to VIDEO_TS directory and there run this command

mplayer -dvd-device . dvd://1

virtualbox - Allow using USB
Add your user to vboxusers group
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER

visual binary file compare
sudo apt-get install vbindiff

zip more files to one archive
zip -r final.zip txt1.txt data.bin about.txt

add new file to archive (file path will be same as inserted in commandline)
zip -g final.zip addedfile.txt

remove/delete file from archive

zip -d final.zip addedfile.txt

Sudo with entered password
echo mypassword | sudo -S command

Change permission to application to run as root with your user (added SUID)
echo "passwors" | sudo -S chown root:root filename | sudo -S chmod +s filename


hex editor / viewer / comaprator
vbindiff

ping address range
fping -ag 192.168.1.0/24

gdb no stop on SIGILL
because of no possibility to find type of ARM processor version / architecture, some application try to find supported instructions. When they fail, it will signal SIGILL
To allow running your application in gdb type this to gdb commandline:
handle SIGILL pass nostop noprint

dns not working in nm
1. Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf to comment out the line containing dns=dnsmasq (add a # at the beginning of that line).
2. Restart NetworkManager with service network-manager restart or (sudo restart network-manager)

src: http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/59414/understanding-dns-in-ubuntu-12-04

show calendar from certain date with starting date Monday
ncal -bM <month> <year.